Nineteenth-century determinism and vigesemic determinism in the construction of the character Pascual Duarte.
Keywords:
Spanish social novel, Nineteenth-century determinism, Spanish realism and naturalism, Spanish novel of the 20th centuryAbstract
In the work La familia de Pascual Duarte by Camilo José Cela (1969) we can find terrible events that are unmotivated or perhaps we call predetermined and that remind us of the determinism of nineteenth-century realism. However, these topics are not entirely "realistic", since a clear difference arises between one conception and another (that of Tremendismo vs. that of Realismo) of human misery. It seems that one reality is the one that writers live in their daily lives, and a different one, the one they capture in their works. Camilo José Cela investigates human misfortune, as well as the causes and consequences that it brings with it. In this novel, beyond telling us a story, it shows us Pascual Duarte's constant attitudes that inevitably refer us to determinism. However, this is not nineteenth-century roots but a new proposal, very twentieth century to see human misfortunes. It seems that Cela is more concerned with the problem of expressing what is valid in literature than with the misfortune of his characters.
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